• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Countercurrent air heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) comprising an outer tube (11, 13 21,31,41,51,61) for a first air stream and an inner tube (12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62) for an opposite second air flow which inner tube is located inside the outer tube, the inner tube being located at a distance from the outer tube which distance is defined by resilient spacers (14, 23, 33, 43, 53, 63) placed and attached only at and along the outer surface of the inner tube so that the inner tube together with the spacers can be both axially displaced and rotated relative to the outer tube without the tubes being brought into contact with each other during this movement. (Fig. 1)
    公开号:SE1450352A1
    申请号:SE1450352
    申请日:2014-03-27
    公开日:2015-09-28
    发明作者:Carl-Henrik Vinberg
    申请人:Skorstensbolaget I Stockholm Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2 pipe, which means that the helical wires cannot define the position of the carrier pipe, but the position of the heat-exchanging inner pipe must be fixed in another way. Other types of similar tubular heat exchangers which are provided with wires wound around the tube to increase the heat-absorbing surface are also known, for example by US 877252 for use in vehicle contexts for liquid phase coolants.
    The problems with these previously known heat exchangers are that they are not suitable for post-installed ventilation air exchange in residential buildings where a high efficiency in terms of temperature during the air exchange is desirable and where the inner pipe must be oriented in relation to an outer pipe.
    Object of the invention The object of the invention is to solve these problems by providing an air heat exchanger in the form of two tubular channels placed in each other in a simple manner where the inner tube is spaced from the outer tube and which air heat exchanger has a relatively high efficiency.
    The purpose is further that the inner tube should be able to be spaced from the outer tube even when the heat exchanger changes direction of extension.
    The purpose is further to provide a heat exchanger for heat exchange over a relatively long distance which can also be curved in different directions.
    The purpose is to be able to easily install such a heat exchanger in a property.
    The purpose is to be able to retrofit such heat exchangers in existing exhaust air ducts in order not to take up installation volume from attics, storage rooms and basements.
    In addition, the purpose is to be able to easily disassemble such an air heat exchanger for, among other things, cleaning.
    An additional purpose is to be able to achieve a cleaning of the heat exchanger when it is mounted.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, as set forth in the independent claims, fulfills the above stated objects, thereby eliminating said drawbacks. Suitable embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.
    The invention relates to a heat exchanger which recovers the heat of the exhaust air from primarily the exhaust air for kitchens, bathrooms and toilets. When cooking, extra recycling is given when hot food is pushed out through the kitchen fan and converted into supply air heat. Heat recovery is also supplied to the apartment through preheated supply air, which, not least during the winter months, reduces heating costs and the penetration of cold air into the home. When the kitchen unit is switched off, a so-called X-24 valve opens and basic ventilation of the kitchen and removes the last food set / grease particles between the fan and the kitchen ceiling. Since a directly connected kitchen fan pushes out up to 100 liters of food per second, air flows from other rooms towards the kitchen, which effectively prevents the spread of food.
    More specifically, the invention relates to a countercurrent air heat exchanger comprising an outer tube for a first air stream and an inner tube for a directional second air stream which inner tube is located inside the outer tube. Even if the heat exchanger is specified as a countercurrent air heat exchanger, it can also be used for heat exchange with uniform air flow. The inner tube is located at a distance from the outer tube which distance is defined by resilient spacers located and fixed only at and along the outer surface of the inner tube so that the inner tube together with the spacers can be both axially displaced and rotated relative to it. the outer tube without the tubes being brought into contact with each other during this movement. The outer tube can be a dedicated outer tube for the air heat exchanger, which outer tube is adapted to be mounted together with the inner tube and its spacers in an exhaust air duct in a property. The outer pipe may alternatively be an existing exhaust air duct in a property, the spacer means of the inner pipe being dimensioned to co-operate with the inner surface of the exhaust air duct. Such an embodiment also allows a curvature of the heat exchanger to be installed in curved air ducts. The cleaning function is also obtained with such an embodiment.
    In one embodiment of the air heat exchanger, the smallest distance D between the inner dimension My for the outer tube and the outer dimension Mi for the inner tube is 0.3Mi <D <2.5Mi, preferably D = 0.5mi where Mi = My-2D. These dimensions for the diameters of the pipes have been found to provide a good heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust air through the heat exchanger. In one embodiment of the air heat exchanger, the inner tube is made of flexible material to be able to bend inside and with the same curvature as an outer tube which consists of a ventilation duct which does not have to be part of the retrofitted heat exchanger.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, the outer tube is made of flexible material to be able to bend inside and with the same curvature as a ventilation duct lying around the outer tube. In this embodiment, however, the heat exchanger comprises both the inner tube and the outer tube.
    The term "flexible material" in these designs includes, in addition to smooth pipes of polymeric materials, also corrugated metal pipes and plastic pipes that can be bent in different directions. Such corrugated pipes receive a surface-enlarging effect, which increases the turbulence and thus the heat transfer in the pipes. A combination of corrugated and smooth pipes in the same heat exchanger is also conceivable within the scope of the invention.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, the inner tube is cylindrically designed and also the outer tube is cylindrically designed and furthermore the inner tube is placed in a spaced position with said spacers relative to the outer tube. In previously indicated embodiments, the tubes may have different cross-sections, for example rectangular, square or oval. A mixture of cross-sections between the inner tube and the outer tube is also conceivable, for example a cylindrical inner tube in an outer tube which has a rectangular cross-section.
    In one embodiment of the air heat exchanger, the length Li of the inner tube and the length Ly of the outer tube are equal and that 50My s Li S is 200My. With an outer pipe of 125 mm, this means a length of the heat exchanger between 6.25 m to 25 m. Normal lengths of the heat exchanger are estimated to be 7-20 m for completely vertical installations.
    In one embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacers are formed as corrugated spring wires oriented radially between the inner and outer tubes and extending at least along one or more parts of the length Li of the inner tube, preferably along its entire length. This embodiment receives the largest possible flow through the heat exchanger but gives slightly poorer cleaning properties than other embodiments.
    In one embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacers are formed as, preferably three, elongate cylindrical brushes which extend either parallel to or helically around the inner tube. This embodiment provides the best cleaning function of the embodiments shown but has a slight limiting effect on the flow through the heat exchanger.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacer means are designed as resilient group-placed loops, preferably in groups of three loops in each group. This embodiment exhibits both good flow properties and good cleaning properties.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacers are designed as radial spring collars around the inner tube, preferably the collars are helical.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacer means are designed as resilient grouped brush bundles, preferably in groups of three brush bundles in each group. These brush bundles can be combined with an inner anchor ring or other attachment to the inner tube which is connected to the wire members / fastening wires to the brush bundle attachment. In such a design, the outside of the inner tube is cleaned of the bristles when the inner tube is rotated to the extended position of the fastening trees. When the fastening wires have reached their extended position, the fastening ring of the brush bundles rotates with the rotation of the inner tube and cleans the inside of the outer tube. After cleaning maneuver, loosened contamination with fan is removed. In this way, the heat exchange zone can be cleaned without axial disassembly of the heat exchanger. Quickly fastened seals at both ends of the inner tube and a distance of at least half the mutual brush distance to the first brush bundles seen from the outer ends enables axial movement in connection with the cleaning, which allows the entire heat exchange surfaces to be cleaned even with spaced brush bundles.
    In an embodiment of the air heat exchanger, said spacers or groups of spacers are equidistantly located along the inner tube, i.e. they are placed at equal distances from each other along the inner tube.
    Common to all embodiments is that the spacer means are resilient, which means that the centering of the inner tube in the outer tube can vary along the heat exchanger, but at the same time constitutes a spaced position and thereby strives for a centered position. This is of great importance when installing the heat exchanger in curved ducts where the suspension means that the inner tube can approach the outer tube at the curves.
    The pipes / ducts have a length of usually 7-25 m and the efficiency at the length of 11 m has been measured to about 90%. 6 The outer pipe can either be an existing ventilation duct or be a separate extra pipe. In the case where the outer pipe consists of an existing ventilation duct, embodiments are advantageously used with brush-shaped spacers in order to be able to clean the outer duct by pulling and turning the inner pipe provided with the spacers. Such cleaning is completed by sucking / blowing out loose particles with a fan.
    This cleaning function is also important for the embodiments shown in that the inner tube together with the spacers can be both displaced longitudinally and rotated to provide a scraping or brushing function of the spacers towards the inner surface of the outer tube.
    The cleaning function in the heat exchanger comprises a quick coupling for the inner tube in the outer tube which quick coupling is located at the respective ends of the heat exchanger. In the case where brush spacers are of the full-length type along the heat exchanger pipe, the end seals can also be of the sliding and / or ball bearing type, and also with a stuffing box, whereby detachment of the heat exchanger pipe is not required for rotary or axial cleaning operation.
    Brief description of the drawings The invention will now be described in more detail with references in connection with the accompanying drawing figures. All drawing figures are only schematically designed to illustrate the invention in the clearest way.
    Figure 1 shows a possible installation of an embodiment of the invention in a ventilation duct.
    Figure 2 shows an end view of a first embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 3 shows a perspective view from the side with a transparent outer tube according to figure 2.
    Figure 4 shows an end view of a second embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 5 shows a perspective view from the side with a transparent outer tube according to figure 4.
    Figure 6 shows an end view of a third embodiment of the invention. Figure 7 shows a perspective view from the side with a transparent outer tube according to figure 6.
    Figure 8 shows an end view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 9 shows a perspective view from the side with a transparent outer tube according to Figure 8.
    Figure 10 shows an end view of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 11 shows a perspective view from the side with a transparent outer tube according to figure 10.
    Description of the invention Figure 1 shows a single-family property 10 provided with ordinary ventilation ducts 11 for exhaust air F which, via a married system, not shown, transports used air from the kitchen, bathroom and toilet room. These ordinary ventilation ducts 11 can either be straight, usually vertical in their extent or be curved in some way to bend to several flats L1, Lz, L3 L4. According to the present invention, a heat exchange of the indoor air of the property is effected where incoming supply air T is supplied to the property through a central supply air duct 12 while the heated exhaust air F is evacuated through a surrounding exhaust air duct 13. The fan for the air flow may be a pressurized fan from apartments or a suction fan mounted. at the roof or the like. The supply air duct 12 is kept spaced relative to the exhaust air duct 13 by spacers 14. As can be seen from the figure, the vertical length Ly of the heat exchanger is considerably larger than its outer diameter My. The difference can be up to a factor of 200 or in some installations even more. If the heat exchanger is then curved, which is also shown in the figure, the factor for its total length can be doubled.
    Figure 2 shows in end view a first embodiment according to the invention of a tubular air heat exchanger 20 consisting of an outer tube 21 and an inner tube 22, which tubes in this embodiment are concentrically arranged. The figure shows circular-cylindrical pipes, but other cross-sectional profiles are also conceivable within the scope of the invention.
    For example, the tubes may be square, rectangular or have an elliptical cross-section. Combinations of cross sections for the pipes are also conceivable. Common to all embodiments, however, is that the air heat exchanger 20 is provided with one or more spacers 23 which keep the outer surface of the inner tube 22 at a distance from the inner surface of the outer tube. The figure shows that the longitudinal axes of the pipes coincide, ie that the pipes are concentric, but this is not necessary even if it is desirable. The figure shows three separate spacers 23 which are held around the inner tube 22 with holding means 24 which may be designed such as knot wires, cable ties, tube clamps or the like which all extend around the entire periphery of the inner tube 22. The spacers 23 are distributed with equal pitch around the inner tube 22, which in the embodiment shown corresponds to 120 °. The number of spacers may in other variants of the embodiment be 4-6, which with equal division corresponds to 90 °, 72 ° and 60 ° between each spacer.
    Figure 3 shows one end of the air heat exchanger 20 in perspective. In order to make the spacers 23 visible, the outer tube 21 has been illustrated as transparent, which has been done for the sake of clarity. The spacers 23 are designed as corrugated resilient metal wires which support partly against the inner surface of the outer tube 21 and partly against the outer surface of the inner tube 22. The metal threads are held in place by being mounted on the inner tube 22 with holding means 24 designed such as knot wires, cable ties, tube clamps or the like as above. The assembly of the air heat exchanger 20 takes place by first providing the inner tube 22 with the spacers 23 and then pressing or pulling into the outer tube 21 so that the inner tube is kept at a distance from the outer tube.
    Figure 4 shows in end view a second embodiment according to the invention of a tubular air heat exchanger 30 consisting of an outer tube 31 and an inner tube 32, which tubes in this embodiment are concentrically arranged. The mutual placement of the pipes and their respective cross-sectional shapes can be designed and varied in a similar manner for all described embodiments. This embodiment is formed with spacers 33 in the form of resilient metal rings directed substantially radially out of the inner tube 32. The spacers 33 are attached to the inner tube 32 with holding means 34 formed in a manner similar to that described in the first embodiment, i.e. say with knitting threads, cable ties, pipe clamps or the like. In order for these spacers to maintain a radial direction between the two pipes, they can be designed as resilient bands which have a flat abutment surface against the surfaces of the two pipes. An alternative design is that the spacer means 33 have only a wider band-shaped surface where they abut against the inner tube 32 where they are held with the holding means 32 while in the abutment against the outer tube 31 they have a wire shape. Figure 5 shows one end of the air heat exchanger 30 in perspective. In order to make the spacers 33 visible, the outer tube 31 has been illustrated as transparent, which has been made for the sake of clarity. In a corresponding manner as described above, the spacers 33 have been fixedly mounted around the inner tube 32 with the holding means 34. The spacers 33 are in this embodiment placed as groups 35 around the inner tube 32 with three spacers in the same group. The distances are three in number in each group and are located radially out of the inner tube at a 120 ° angle between each adjacent distance, the distances in a group being substantially in the same radial plane. Preferably, the groups 35 are placed equidistantly along the inner tube 32, which means that there is the same axial distance between each group.
    Figure 6 shows in end view a third embodiment according to the invention of a tubular air heat exchanger 40 consisting of an outer tube 41 and an inner tube 42, which tubes in this embodiment are concentrically arranged. The mutual placement of the pipes and their respective cross-sectional shapes can be designed and varied in a similar manner for all described embodiments. This embodiment is formed with spacers 43 in the form of a coil spring with a diameter corresponding to the radial distance between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 41 when the center axes of the tubes coincide with each other. The coil springs are connected to the inner tube by their respective spring stresses which arise when the coil springs are tilted over the inner tube 42. These coil springs are also preferably placed at an equidistant distance from each other.
    Figure 7 shows a side view of the heat exchanger 40 in perspective where the outer tube 41 and the inner tube 42 are concentrically fixed in each other by the spacer 43 being clamped on the inner tube 42 and abutting against the inner surface of the outer tube 41.
    Figure 8 shows in end view a fourth embodiment according to the invention of a tubular air heat exchanger 50 consisting of an outer tube 51 and an inner tube 52, which tubes in this embodiment are concentrically arranged. The mutual placement of the pipes and their respective cross-sectional shapes can be designed and varied in a similar manner for all described embodiments. This embodiment is formed with spacers 53 in the form of resilient ball-shaped cushions 80. The spacers 53 are fixed around the inner tube 52 with holding members 54 formed as an annular clamp which is connected to a ball center 81 on the spacers 53. The clamp may be open shown in the figure or completely closed. From the ball center 81 of the spacers 53, steel springs 82 extend radially outwardly to form the ball-shaped cushion 80. The spacers 53 in this embodiment may also be formed as plate-shaped pads which are joined in the middle and which extend outwards at the periphery.
    Figure 9 shows a side view in perspective of the heat exchanger 50 according to the fourth embodiment with the outer tube 51 and the inner tube 52 provided with the spacers 53. The spacers 53 are also in this embodiment placed as groups 35 around the inner tube 52 with three distances in the same group. The distances are three in number in each group and are located between the inner tube and the outer tube at a 120 ° angle between each adjacent distance, the distances in a group being substantially in the same radial plane. Preferably, the groups 35 are placed equidistantly along the inner tube 52 which means that there is the same axial distance between each group.
    For the embodiments shown in Figures 5, 7 and 8, suitable equidistance distances between each group of spacers are about 50 cm.
    Figure 10 shows in end view a fifth embodiment according to the invention of a tubular air heat exchanger 60 consisting of an outer tube 61 and an inner tube 62, which tubes in this embodiment are concentrically arranged. This embodiment is formed with spacers 63 in the form of resilient cylindrical brushes 100. The spacers 63 are fixed around the inner tube 62 with holder means 64 formed as an annular clamp which is connected to a brush center 101 on the spacers 63. The clamp may be open as shown in the figure or completely closed. From the brush center 101 of the spacers 63, steel springs 102 extend radially outward from the brush center to form the cylindrical brush 100. In this embodiment, the pouring member 64 is connected to an inner anchor ring 103 which is secured around the inner tube 62. The anchor ring 103 is provided with a number of wire means 104, in figure three to the number which are attached to the holding means 64. Each wire means is longer than the radial distance between the anchor ring 103 and the holding means 64 so that a rotation of the inner tube 62 has a trailing effect of the resulting rotation of the holding means and the spacers 63 connected thereto according to the direction of the arrow.
    A corresponding lagging effect is obtained when the rotation changes direction. The length of each tree member 104 is adapted to the desired angular rotation of the inner tube desired for the brushing effect against the inner tube. The rotation is used to clean both the outside of the inner tube and the inside of the outer tube. Thus, a brushing effect of the inner tube is obtained when the wire means are slack, while a brushing effect is obtained for the inside of the outer tube when the tree means pulls the holding means and the spacers 63, i.e. the brushes.
    Figure 11 shows a side view in perspective of the heat exchanger 60 according to the fifth embodiment with the outer tube 61 and the inner tube 62 provided with the spacers 63. The spacers are formed as elongate cylindrical brushes 100 with said brush center 101 to which said pouring means 64 are connected to spring-actuate the spacers against the inner tube 62. The figure also shows the anchor ring 103 and the tree members 104 between the anchor ring 103 and the holder member 64.
    The embodiments in Figures 8-11 show spacer means which are fastened to the inner tube with their pouring means 54, 64 by the pouring means 54, 64 clamping around the inner tube by spring action. The anchor design for connecting the spacers to the inner tube shown in Figures 10-11 is also applicable to the embodiment shown in Figures 8-9.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A countercurrent air heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) comprising an outer tube (11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61) for a first air stream and an inner tube (22, 32, 42, 52, 62 ) for an opposite second air flow which inner tube is placed inside the outer tube, characterized in that the inner tube is placed with a distance to the outer tube which distance is defined by resilient spacers (23, 33, 43, 53, 63 ) placed and fixed only at and along the outer surface of the inner tube so that the inner tube together with the spacers can be both axially displaced and rotated relative to the outer tube without the tubes being brought into contact with each other during this movement.
    [2]
    Heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) according to claim 1, characterized in that the smallest distance D between the inner dimension My of the outer tube (11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61) and the outer dimension Mi of the outer tube the inner tube (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) is 0.3Mi <D <2.5Mi, preferably D = 0.5Mi where Mi = My-2D.
    [3]
    Heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the inner tube (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) is made of flexible material in order to be able to bend inside and with the same curvature as an outer pipe (11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61) which consists of a ventilation duct.
    [4]
    Heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the outer tube (21, 31, 41, 51, 61) is made of flexible material for can be bent inside and with the same curvature as an ventilation duct (11) lying around the outer pipe.
    [5]
    Heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the inner tube is cylindrically shaped and the outer tube (21, 31, 41, 51, 61) is cylindrical designed and that the inner tube (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) is placed in a spaced position with said spacers relative to the outer tube (21, 31, 41, 51, 61). 20 25 30 13
    [6]
    Heat exchanger (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the length Li of the inner tube (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) and the length Ly of the outer tube the tube (21, 31, 41, 51, 61) is equal and that 50My s Li s 200My.
    [7]
    Heat exchanger (20) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that said spacers (23) are formed as corrugated spring wires oriented radially between the inner (22) and the outer tube (21) and extending at least along one or more parts of the length Li of the inner tube, preferably along its entire length.
    [8]
    Heat exchanger (60) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that said spacers (63) are formed as, preferably three, elongate cylindrical brushes (100) which extend either parallel to or helical around the inner tube ( 62).
    [9]
    Heat exchanger (30) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that said spacer means (33) are designed as resiliently grouped loops, preferably in groups (35) of three loops in each group.
    [10]
    Said spacers (43) are formed as radial spring collars enclosing the heat exchanger (40) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the inner tube (42), preferably the collars are helical.
    [11]
    Heat exchanger (50) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that said spacer means (53) are designed as resiliently grouped brush bundles, preferably in groups (35) of three brush bundles in each group.
    [12]
    12. said spacer (33, 43, 53) or groups (35) of spacers being heat exchangers (30, 40, 50) according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized equidistantly located along the inner tube (32, 42 , 52).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015147728A1|2015-10-01|
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1450352A|SE540114C2|2014-03-27|2014-03-27|Tubular countercurrent air heat exchanger including spacers between the tubes|SE1450352A| SE540114C2|2014-03-27|2014-03-27|Tubular countercurrent air heat exchanger including spacers between the tubes|
    EP15768681.7A| EP3123093B1|2014-03-27|2015-03-20|Tubular counter-current air heat exchanger|
    PCT/SE2015/050333| WO2015147728A1|2014-03-27|2015-03-20|Tubular counter-current air heat exchanger|
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